三轴加速度传感器系统在运动技术分析领域的研究与应用     

朱明 《冰雪运动》2015,(2):89-96

为满足在运动训练过程中的人体三维空间技术特征研究的需要,开发一套三轴向加速度传感器系统.该系统由下位机和上位机两部分组成,其中下位机部分由加速度传感器、传感器拾取单元、数据处理单元、电源监测与保护单元和无线传输单元组成,上位机部分由数据采集和分析软件组成.该系统具有四通道同步采集功能,结合同步视频,可对运动员的肢体关节、比赛训练器械等技术组成要素进行运动学和动力学参数进行实时采集与分析.以体育训练中常用的杠铃深蹲训练为实验性应用领域,对速滑和举重两种项目的杠铃深蹲训练进行技术分析,通过对三轴加速度传感器采集数据的分析,找出不同项目间杠铃深蹲动作技术的特征与差异,为今后深入开展加速度传感器系统的开发与相关应用提供研究基础.  相似文献   

论过错原则下的体育损害责任     

李钧 《体育科学》2015,(1)

体育运动是带有一定固有风险的人类活动。体育运动要求侵权法在保证运动自由和救济损害之间实现平衡。自甘风险作为英、美法系惯常使用的抗辩事由,推定受害人对运动风险的识别和自愿承受。虽然保障了运动自由,但是不利于损害救济的实现,难以满足我国和谐发展体育事业的宗旨和促进法治进程的现实需要。传统的过错责任具有内在的灵活性和外在的普遍适用性,也是我国当前解决体育损害的法定归责原则。通过对善良家父标准（一般注意义务）的专业化,即善良运动者的注意义务,实现在体育运动的特殊情境下对行为人体育行为适当性的合理判断。处理体育损害,应借鉴自甘风险制度对运动固有风险的合理预判,根据个案设定善良运动者的勤谨注意义务,考察过错的有无,判定行为人是否应就体育损害承担侵权损害赔偿责任以及承担责任的范围。对于双方均无过错的体育损害,可以借助公平责任的特殊规定适当分担损害,从而实现运动自由与损害救济之间的平衡与双赢。在弘扬体育精神,发展体育事业的同时,切实有效的保障每个人的合法权益。  相似文献   

什么是体育社会心理学——基于20名中、外运动心理学家学术经验的考量     

游茂林  石岩 《体育科学》2015,(2):73-80

通过访谈20名中、外运动心理学家,采集他们基于自身专业知识、工作经历和学术思考对体育社会心理学定义、学科性质和研究内容的判断,对这些信息进行归纳分析。结果显示:1)体育社会心理学可以定义为一门研究体育情境中的人际关系、交互作用、心理过程、行为特征和体育文化心理的学科;2)体育社会心理学是社会心理学、运动心理学和体育社会学交叉形成的一个二级学科,以体育情境为基础,同时具有心理学和社会学的学科性质;3)体育社会心理学研究内容由社会心理学中与体育运动相关的内容、运动心理学中社会心理学性质的部分、体育社会学中心理和行为方面的研究、文化心理学中与体育运动相关的议题等4部分构成,主要关注8类58种研究主题。  相似文献   

休闲与娱乐：西南民族村寨体育文化特征分析     

余贞凯 《楚雄师范学院学报》2015,(3)

西南地区是我国民族成分较多的区域之一,不仅民族成分众多,而且少数民族传统体育文化资源的数量较为庞大。其民族村寨体育无论是竞赛类,还是表演性质的竞技类、技巧类和综合类项目,均体现出较强的休闲娱乐特征,而且随着社会生活的演变,我们今天能够看到的民族村寨体育文化,其原有的功能已在逐渐退化,反而是休闲、娱乐与健身的功能日趋突出,它为村寨居民提供认同感和持续感,显示出我国文化的多样性和创造力,成为人们生活的重要组成部分。  相似文献   

God,Sport Philosophy,Kinesiology: A MacIntyrean Examination     

Gregg Twietmeyer 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2015,67(2):203-226

Sport philosophy is in crisis. This subdiscipline of kinesiology garners little to no respect and few tenure track lines in kinesiology departments. Why is this the case? Why isn’t philosophy held in greater esteem? Is it possible that philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre’s (2009) diagnosis found in “God, Philosophy, Universities” could actually be fruitfully applied to kinesiology? MacIntyre argued that philosophy’s fall from grace parallels the decline of theology in universities. This is the case for two simple reasons. First, philosophy was traditionally charged with giving an account of how the different disciplines fit together on the presumption that an orderly account of the universe could be given. However, the imperative for, as well the intelligibility of, such an account is hard to defend absent God. Second, without God, it becomes very difficult to argue that the philosophic enterprise is fundamentally human. Instead, philosophy becomes an esoteric enterprise meant for specialists. If this is right, then the sanitization of God from the modern university can also explain the plight of sport philosophy. To put it simply, theology must be taken seriously if philosophy is to be taken seriously. God must be admissible in the classroom. This does not mean that students should be catechized, but rather it is to insist that scholars must acknowledge (rather than hide from or dismiss) the legitimacy of theological questions.  相似文献   

登上领奖台：加拿大冬奥备战的治理经验及其启示     

任慧涛  楚金玲  易剑东 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2019,2(1):39-49

为备战2010年温哥华冬奥会，加拿大联邦政府设计了“登上领奖台”战略，委托OTP组织负责财政援助的划拨和绩效管理。OTP组织采用“决策层—执行层”的双层治理架构，以“奖牌至上”为原则，创建了由“项目文化”“以往成绩”“夺牌潜力”“领先优势的可持续性”4个一级指标的协会分层分类资助制度，邀请国家奥委会和残奥委、国家运动项目协会、体育科研院所等利益相关者组成协同治理网络。通过梳理加拿大治理经验，建议我国当前的备战2022年北京冬奥工作，应重视“一臂之距”理念，明确政府在冬奥备战中的职责；尊重专业自治准则，锻炼社会力量成为竞技体育治理主体；改进绩效管理模式，优化冬奥备战财政资金的申请和使用程序；重视科学创新，促进体育智库组织网络化。  相似文献   

地理、权力与后现代:当代体育社会学的空间转向     

周鑫 《浙江体育科学》2020,(3):1-7,47

体育社会学作为体育学与社会学的交叉学科,在近些年的理论发展过程中呈现出对于空间研究的偏好。空间研究既是对体育社会学领域先前理论的检视,又是对现有理论的升华。在体育场域,空间研究包含了地理图式、社会权力、以及后现代理论的丰裕修辞,通过对以列斐伏尔为代表的空间理论的回瞻与思索,使我们认识到空间作为元理论中重要的知识系统,厘清了体育社会学研究路径的相关旨趣,摆脱了体育社会学研究中只关注地点而忽略空间的传统研究范式之藩篱。赋予体育社会学空间研究的后现代批判性,可以以其它学科的视角更好地认识社会中的体育现象与体育实践。  相似文献   

Sport as medicine: How F3 is building healthier men and communities     

《Sport Management Review》2019,22(1):38-52

Given sport has been largely absent from U.S. public health policies and discourse, the author suggests ways that sport can be better managed to promote health. Using a critical perspective and grounded theory approach, the author examined the experiences of 14 men in the grassroots recreational program, F3. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. Based on the results, a conceptual model that suggests how sport should be managed to address illnesses related to physical inactivity is put forth. The resulting Sport as Medicine model indicates that Creating a Team Structure, Providing a Place to Be Accountable, and Ensuring No One is Left Out, led to meaningful Health Outcomes, including Physical Health, Mental Toughness, and Social Connections. As the distinctiveness of sport continues to emerge, the author provides a framework to consider how sport can be part of public health efforts to address physical inactivity. Thus, this work positions sport as medicine by pinpointing how sport can be managed so that holistic health outcomes are more likely achieved.  相似文献   

The ‘aggressive style’: genesis of an ambiguous resource for Swiss hockey and football players     

Orlan Moret  Alan Traclet  Alain Clémence 《Sport in Society》2019,22(3):399-415

In this study, we investigated what drives players to endorse an aggressive style in Swiss ice hockey and football. We selected a sample of 16 players on the basis of their penalty statistics. We used semi-directed retrospective interviews to collect players’; biographic narratives. The results show a socialization process into an aggressive style, supported by the dominant gender and socialization norms of the sport, which is under the influence of the structure of the sports organization. However, there are large differences between players, with only some of them adopting an aggressive style. Although many studies have underlined the influence of moral disengagement, the present results suggest that time also matters and that the diversity of career paths may explain the diversity in attitudes. Socialization differences in the sports field, bodily capital, a career path marked by thwarted reputation are the key factors that drive players to adopt an aggressive style.  相似文献   

‘You do it in your own particular way.’ Physical education,gender and (dis)ability     

Elisabet Apelmo 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(7):702-713

The aim of this article was to explore, from a gender perspective, how young sporting women with physical impairments experience physical education (PE), and which strategies they use to manage situations that arise in the everyday interaction in connection with those lessons. Phenomenology provides a theoretical framework that includes the body. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with the women, aged 15–28. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with three boys, aged between 10 and 15, and with one male coach. Those latter interviews are used in the article as material for comparison. The young women had a strong aspiration to appear normal. However, in relation to PE, the participants highlighted issues dealing with experiences of exclusion and special treatment. It appeared to be difficult for teachers to see these women as the sports-interested youths that they were. The young women used different strategies of resistance. Some of them did not participate in certain aspects of PE, or chose to quit the whole course. To receive a higher grade, another participant showed the teacher her medals from the Swedish national swimming championship, thus stressing her competence. When the women finally described the stigmatization that they had been subjected to, they avoided positioning themselves as victims, by downplaying the seriousness of a discriminatory situation or by using in the interview the word ‘we’ instead of ‘I’, thus describing the incident in collective terms. Previous research supports the suggestion that the students’ opportunities to show their capacities and strength during PE are dependent on the students’ gender. While one of the boys and a male coach gave examples of experiences of more inclusive PE, with a potential to challenge the able-bodied norm within the subject, the gender norm remained unquestioned.  相似文献